❶ （土壤） soil: 粘[砂] ～ clayey [sandy] soil; 沃 ～ fertile [rich] soil ❷ （地） earth: 天 ～ 之别 be as far removed as heaven from earth; be vastly different; 有霄 ～ 之别。 There is a world of difference. ❸ （地区） area: 接 ～ have a common border; be adjacent to each other; 穷乡僻 ～ a remote, backward place ❹ （姓氏） a surname: ～ 丘 Rang Qiu ◆壤土 doras; loam