p. a. (meaning disputed)❶acquiredby extraordinary exertions用不平常的努力获得的。 ❷ac-quired by crooked means用不正当的方法获得的。 ❸gained in foreign lands在外国的土地上取得的。 ❹gainedfor others to enjoy为了其他人享受而取得的。 △2H.IV.4.5.69(70):“For this they have engrossed and pilledup / The cankered heaps of strange-achieved gold；”为了这个，他们聚敛和掠夺了用不正当手段得来的大堆金钱。