虚拟语气的用法归纳 具体例子介绍

    虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。虚拟语气主要用于if条件状语从句，也可用于主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句等。以下是小编整理的内容，大家可以参考。
    
    虚拟语气的用法归纳
    1、表示与现在事实相反的情况
    从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)
    主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：
    eg：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.
    如果我是你，我会带把伞。(事实：我不可能是你)
    2、表示与过去事实相反的情况
    从句：If+主语+had+done
    主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done
    eg：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.
    如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。(事实：去晚了)
    3、表示与将来事实相反
    从句：①if+主语+were to do
    ②if+主语+should+do
    ③if+主语+动词一般过去式(be动词用were)
    主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do
    eg：If she were to be here next Monday，I would tell her about the matter.
    如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。(事实：来的可能性很小，不可能)
    虚拟语气的应用实例
    1.与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,if从句中的谓语用过去式(be用were),主句用would/could/mightshould+动词原形。
    If I had enough money, I would buy myself a computer.
    我如果有足够的钱，会为自己买一台电脑。
    If I were you, I would forgive Mary.
    如果我是你，我就会原谅玛丽。
    2.与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语过去式(be用were)/should+动词原形/were to+动词原形，主句谓语would/could/might/should do.
    If I saw/should see/were to see him tomorrow, I would invite him home.
    我如果明天见到他，会邀请他到家里来。
    ·If I were to do the job, I would do it in a different way.
    要是我来做这项工作，我会用另一种方法。
    3.与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，主句谓语should/would/could/might+have+过去分词,If 条件从句的谓语形式had+过去分词词。
    If we had had enough rain last year,we could have gained a good harvest.
    如果去年雨水充足的话，我们可能会有一个好收成。
    If the weather had been nice yesterday,we would have gone for a picnic.如果昨天天气好的话，我们就去野餐了。
    4. wish后的宾语从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语形式虚拟情况
    与现在事实相反用：过去式(be用were)
    与过去事实相反had+过去分词
    与将来事实相反would/ could/might+动词原形
    I wish (that) I were a bird and could fly freely in the sky.
    我希望我是一只鸟，可以在天空中自由地飞翔。